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June 17th, 2012:

Riot fear if prisoners are kept awake by incinerator

http://www.waste-management-world.com/index/from-the-wires/wire-news-disp
lay/1688664547.html

Riot fear if prisoners are kept awake by incinerator

Robert James
Scottish Express
June 17, 2012

PRISON bosses were under fire last night after claiming pampered inmates
could riot if their sleep is disturbed by a new green energy plant.

The Scottish Prison Service is objecting to a plan to build a new waste
incinerator in Perth, which is currently being considered by Scottish
ministers.

Yesterday, it emerged that former Perth Prison governor Kate Donegan had
warned that noise from the complex would lead to “concerted
indiscipline”.

She said: “The thrum of machinery from a 24-hour waste dumping, movement
and incineration operation will cause noise pollution, particularly at
night.

“This will disturb sleep and cause prisoners to complain and potentially
become involved in concerted indiscipline in support of these complaints.

“As governor, I will have absolutely no means of addressing the noise and
odour pollution issues which will leave me in a completely untenable
position from an operational control perspective.”

Although her objections are from 2009, they only emerged yesterday in a
letter to the Scottish Government’s Directorate for Planning and
Environmental Appeals.

It is considering an appeal from Grundon Waste Management against Perth
and Kinross Council’s decision to refuse the application.

The company insists that convicted criminals serving time in Perth Prison
should not be given the same rights as ordinary residents.

Apart from the prisoners, the closest homes to the waste-toenergy plant
would be more than 200 metres away.

However, the Prison Service is adamant the prison should be considered
and that inmates have as much right to a good night’s sleep as anybody
else. It states: “The prison is home to some 633 plus inmates at any one
time. C Block, which houses some 350 inmates, is only 40 to 60 metres
away from the site.”

The objection adds: “The potential impacts are not just related to
residential amenity, but also to prisoner welfare and security and
management of the prison.”

Grundon Waste Management, which is based in Slough, Berkshire, saw its
plan rejected in February. The proposal has caused anger in Perth, with
some campaigners branding the incinerator a “smoke belching monstrosity”
and raising fears over city centre pollution.

However, the firm insists that the noise levels for Perth Prison would
only be “slight/moderate”.

It states: “The proposed development would not result in any unacceptable
noise effects of any noise sensitive receptors, including inmates at
Perth Prison.”

Scottish Conservative chief whip John Lamont said the planning
directorate must not give “undue prominence” to the concerns of
prisoners. He added: “People already think prisoners have a comfortable
life. The prospect of them dictating planning decisions takes that to a
whole new level.

“Even if people do miss out on sleep for one reason or another, quite why
it should result in rioting is beyond me. If that is a risk, perhaps
those wishing to riot should be dealt with more severely.

“I hope the planning authorities see sense and don’t give this concern
undue prominence.”

Copyright 2012 Express Newspapers All Rights Reserved

Scottish Express

Wire News provided

第三跑道 觸礁

Description: http://news.mingpao.com/20120617/ua__17PV016_.jpg

http://news.mingpao.com/20120617/uae1.htm

通識導賞﹕第三跑道 觸礁!

【明報專訊】香港歷來最貴單一工程項目、也涉及歷來最大範圍填海的機場第三跑道,上周罕有地在程序開展之初的環評框架諮詢中已無法過關,包括多個環保團體在內的209份公眾意見,狠批機管局提交的工程項目簡介粗疏,各項有關海洋生態、空氣質素及噪音影響的資料或缺漏或刻意淡化;候任特首梁振英的環保政策智囊、前天文台長林超英連日公開撰文反對項目,開宗明義提出「增長不是至高無上的指導原則」,環保署亦發信要求機管局根據《環評條例》提交附加資料,然後再重新諮詢。

工程項目處於環評諮詢的階段,社會的討論固然都集中在興建第三跑道的環境影響;然而,政府一直刻意將民間反對聲音簡化為一群「環保分子」與經濟發展的對立,本報訪問了一位有20年駕駛香港民航機經驗的機師,事實上,興建第三跑道卻是專業界別都質疑是技術上不可行、或至少是經濟效益不高的方案。

到底香港「航運樞紐」的地位是否及為何岌岌可危?

第三跑道的建與不建,支持與反對者的理據各是什麼?

1. 增長不合比例 新跑道服侍富豪?

政府多番強調現行機場的客運力接近飽和,興建第三跑道刻不容緩,IATA顧問報告的增長預測,是機管局用以推廣第三跑道的主要依據。然而,從表中可見,現時赤角機場的雙跑道設計,客貨運量尚未飽和,要滿足2030年的預測需求亦相去不遠。

林超英的文章則指出,與1992年原設計容量相較,2030年的增長預測是不合比例,「人次增加約一成,貨運量稍減,架次卻增加超過五成」,「現在的世界趨勢是民航機的載客量愈來愈大,按道理客量增加一成,架次不會增加逾一成」,推測飛機升降架次不合比例大增五成,很可能源自載客量極少的私人飛機,新跑道將主要由富人及特權階級享用。

對此,機管局回應指1992年時的估計基礎,是假設84%的航班是載客量逾300人的寬體飛機,然而,近年航空公司多開拓使用窄體機的、來往二三線城市的航線,航班平均載客量只約200人,2010年寬體飛機比例只有67%;貨運方面,業界亦有以中型貨機代替寬體貨機的趨向,因此預測將來的架次增長比客貨運量增幅較大。

2. 空牆阻隔 開放空域才是重點

比較2010年數字及原設計容量,現時的客運量只使用了近六成、貨運量更只用了不足一半。原來赤角機場設計時,機場島中央預留大片空地興建一幢X型大樓,以應付客流量增長,但這大樓現時還未興建,新規劃卻沒考慮先用盡現有設計,而是想再次大規模填海造地加建跑道。

另一方面則是多年來都磋商無果的空域問題。由於解放軍的空域限制,現時航班進出香港,只有一個進場點及一個離場點,而且飛機要先在香港上空盤旋爬升至15000呎以上,才能進入中國領空,儼如一堵無形的「空牆」。理大土木及結構工程學系副教授熊永達曾撰文指出,英國希斯路機場亦是雙跑道,但因有8個進場及離場點,故航班升降量可以是香港的兩倍。可見要提升機場吞吐量,中方是否肯開放空域才是重點;而另一份機管局委託英國NATS提供的顧問報告亦明言,若中方不放寬空域限制,即使建了第三條跑道,亦不會帶來任何的運力增長。

3. 地勢所限 跑道永遠做後備?!

第三跑道方案公佈以來,不少航空業界人士均指出新跑道可能花費巨資但得物無所用。已駕駛香港航班逾20年的機師JanBochenski接受訪問時解釋,香港受地形限制,赤角有多山圍繞,本已非建機場的理想選址;而飛機與地面(或峰頂)需至少保持1000呎的垂直距離,如圖中所示,從第三跑道起飛,飛機未有足夠時間爬升至安全高度便會到達大帽山,此路線根本不符國際航空的標準。現時各山峰之間只夠容許一條起飛與另一條降落的路線。因此再建第三、四、五條跑道,都只能同時使用其中兩條。

此外,飛機降落時若太接近前機、遇有氣流、看不清跑道等情,無法順利降落,便要往前U turn再回來,但第三跑道西北方已接近深圳的空中邊界,一旦降落失敗,航機將沒有足夠的空間轉彎。「第三條跑道永遠只能作為一條後備跑道,或者用來停泊飛機的停放場!」

Jan指出,現時香港上空滿是繁忙的飛機在兜圈,每次起飛和降落都要兜20分鐘,每次兜圈每架機用600公升燃油,既浪費燃油也增加污染;同時,空域限制也令本地的航空交通指揮混亂。「全歐洲的航空交通都由荷蘭的指揮中心協調,航機到達前數小時,機場已經知道,可以因應地面情指示航機加速或減慢,調節抵達時間。但往香港航班在中國領空時,通訊和指揮都受限制,指揮中心在航機抵港前3分鐘才能協調,以致經常擠塞,常常在最後關頭突然要轉向和更改路線。只要空域限制放寬,航空交通更有效率,升降架次已即時可以增加一至兩成。」

4. 機管局刻意淡化填海規模!!

興建第三跑道是香港歷來涉及最大範圍的填海工程,但看機管局的諮詢文件完全不覺,因文件隱去屯門的海岸線。林超英指出,其實興建赤角機場時,機場島的填海工程已將屯門與東涌之間的海面闊度收窄近半,幾乎黏連沙洲,再填海建第三條跑道,海面寬度便剩下原來約四分之一,屯門、大嶼山及深井之間的三角形海面幾成「內海」,水流將顯著下降,難以帶走污染物,沿岸居民都會受影響;本已密集的海上交通包括不同航線的渡輪,將擠得更迫更危險,也嚴重威脅中華白海豚的生活環境。

5. 港深機鐵 送走優勢?!

現時珠三角的廣州、深圳、珠海、澳門多個機場幾成惡性競爭之局,各地紛紛爭取建更多跑道、開更多航線,但空域繁忙各不相讓,航班經常延誤。數年前已開始討論的港深機鐵(正名為「港深西部快速軌道」),最近結合在《鐵路發展策略2000》(檢討及修訂)裏提交作公眾諮詢,建議以跨境鐵路接駁赤角機場及深圳寶安機場,車程只需20多分鐘,用意是日後由深圳主攻國內航班,香港集中做國際航線。

然而該鐵路的深圳段造價為104億元人民幣,而香港段則要413億元人民幣,竟比廣深港高鐵還貴!到底是雙贏的互補合作,還是香港付鈔把本地航空業的優勢拱手相讓,可能要留待另一場討論。顯而易見的是,本地航運交通流量將在這種「深港融合」的趨勢下出現眾多變數,加上全球金融危機對客貨運需求的影響,機管局現時提出的2030年增長預測卻未見有充份考慮。

文 林茵

圖 「機場發展關注網絡」、林超英博客(草雲居)及政府諮詢文件

編輯 陳嘉文

Willawong residents fear exposure to toxic chemicals from waste incinerator

http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/willawong-residents-fear-exposure-to-toxic-chemicals-from-waste-incinerator/story-e6freoof-1225877201867

Description: Jasmin Daly of Willawong

Jasmin Daly, 75, outside her Willawong home, which is near a waste incinerator that’s potentially exposing residents to toxic chemicals. Picture: Mark Cranitch Source: The Courier-Mail

MORE than two dozen homes and businesses might have been put at risk of exposure to cancer-causing chemical emissions from a waste incinerator in Brisbane’s south.

The incinerator is also near the site of a huge proposed development earmarked for as many as 10,000 homes.

Lord Mayor Campbell Newman has called on the State Government to fast track air and noise testing after a report into the Willawong incinerator found toxic emissions could be affecting homes up to 1km away.

Homes along Sherbrooke Rd were believed to be the most at risk.

Cr Newman said preliminary modelling done for the report into the Ace Waste incinerator found that, if it operated 24 hours a day, nearby homes could potentially be exposed to dangerous chemicals above recommended levels.

The facility burns medical waste and is, legally, emitting 10 times the international standard of some chemicals.

A 300m exclusion zone was originally imposed around the incinerator. That was raised to 500m, and last February the Department of Environment and Resource Management increased it to 1000m amid concerns emissions might affect new development planned for the area.

Cr Newman said that council’s concerns were triggered after it began planning for the development, east of the site.

Willawong has been earmarked as a priority greenfield residential site by the State Government, with a predicted 6000 to 10000 homes planned to be built there.

While new development has been left in limbo until a final study into the incinerator is handed down in December, Cr Newman said the council was still worried about the effect it could be having on nearby workers and the residents of 15 homes.

He said the potential risk to existing homes had forced him to go public.

Cr Newman said council officers and DERM staff would doorknock homes and businesses to inform them of the potential risks.

One local resident, Jasmin Daly, 75, who has lived at her Sherbrooke Rd home for 46 years, yesterday said she knew nothing about the report.

“It doesn’t make me feel the best (to hear this),” she said.

“We have a lot of swamp birds and I watch them to see if they drop dead.”

DERM assistant Director-General, Damien Brown, said the results of the council-commissioned air studies “provided to date indicate no reason to suggest any health concerns for the nearest existing residents in the area”.

“ACE Waste are required to operate within strict environmental conditions and is regulated DERM,” he said.

PyroGenesis receives the ADRIQ’s Coup de Coeur award for Partnership and Innovation

http://www.stockhouse.com/News/CanadianReleasesDetail.aspx?n=8523592

PyroGenesis receives the ADRIQ’s Coup de Coeur award for Partnership and
Innovation

5/28/2012 8:23:00 PM

PyroGenesis receives the ADRIQ’s Coup de Coeur award for Partnership and
Innovation
MONTREAL, May 28, 2012 /CNW Telbec/ – PyroGenesis Canada Inc.
(“PyroGenesis” or the “Company”) (TSXV: PYR), an environmental solutions
company that designs, develops and manufactures plasma waste-to-energy
systems and plasma torch products, announced today that it received the
coveted Association pour le développement de la recherche et de
l’innovation du Québec’s (ADRIQ) 2012 « Coup de Cœur » award for
Partnership and Innovation, for its innovative solutions with regards to an
integrated waste management plan for Îles-de-la-Madeleine (the “Project”) .

The Project was geared towards finding a unique solution to waste
management challenges facing Îles-de-la-Madeleine. It included PyroGenesis,
the Centre de recherche sur les milieux insulaires et maritimes (CERMIM),
the municipality of Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the Université de Sherbrooke.
The goal was to evaluate the potential for developing and implementing two
coupled state of the art waste management technologies, namely PyroGenesis’
patented Plasma Resource Recovery System (PRRS) and a bio-methanization
process.

“This is a unique opportunity to demonstrate the technical and economic
viability of pairing these technologies for remote communities such as
Îles-de-la-Madeleine. The fact that International Small Islands Studies
Association is following the outcome with great interest underscores the
importance of this Project”, says Pierre Carabin, PyroGenesis’ Chief
Engineer. “PyroGenesis intends to demonstrate the advantages of this
integrated waste management solution, which will enable isolated
communities to manage their waste in a responsible, economic, and
sustainable manner”, says Gillian Holcroft, PyroGenesis’ Chief Operating
Officer.

“Waste management is a major challenge in our archipelago. This award is
encouraging us to pursue novel and affordable solutions that are adapted to
our environment” says Mr. Joël Arseneau, mayor of the municipality of
Îles-de-la-Madeleine. “The main objective of this integrated process is to
convert nearly all of the processed waste into usable products namely:
energy (heat and electricity) and slag (construction material). The project
is also exploring the use of slag as a cimentious substitute in the
production of concrete or granular material for road construction,” says
Arezki Tagnit-Amou a Civil engineering professor at Université de
Sherbrooke.

The technology which Pyrogenesis is providing combines the advanced
processes of plasma gasification and vitrification which is able to convert
unsorted waste into energy and usable by-products. Furthermore, the project
has benefited from the system Pyrogenesis has commissioned at the Hurlburt
Field Air Force Base in Florida by carrying out additional certified
emissions testing and to procure its partners with vitrified rock for
advanced material testing at Université de Sherbrooke.

Each year the ADRIQ honours technological collaborations between Quebec
researchers, entrepreneurs and their partners with the intent of
encouraging the creation of new partnerships which will lead to innovative
commercial achievements.

About PyroGenesis Canada Inc.

PyroGenesis Canada is an environmental solutions company that designs,
develops and manufactures plasma waste-to-energy systems and plasma torch
products. PyroGenesis’ proprietary plasma technologies utilize the intense
energy of plasma to gasify and vitrify virtually any type of waste without
producing hazardous by-products. PyroGenesis’ patented gasification and
vitrification technology is different from incineration because it produces
a clean synthetic gas from waste, which can be used for power generation.
PyroGenesis’ technology can also turn waste into a glassy rock that can be
utilized as construction material. PyroGenesis has marquee defense industry
and civilian customers that are using its technology in marine and
land-based applications. For more information, please visit
www.pyrogenesis.com

CIA Instant Investigation: Governor Weighs In on New Garbage Technology

http://www.kionrightnow.com/story/18793970/governor-weighs-in-on-new-garbage-technology

CIA Instant Investigation: Governor Weighs In on New Garbage Technology

Posted: Jun 15, 2012 9:20 AM <em class=”wnDate”>Thursday, June 14, 2012 9:20 PM EST</em>Updated: Jun 15, 2012 9:25 AM <em class=”wnDate”>Thursday, June 14, 2012 9:25 PM EST</em>

By Brooke Holmquist – email

CIA Instant Investigation: Governor Weighs In on New Garbage Technology

Updated: Thursday, June 14 2012 9:25 PM EDT2012-06-15 01:25:10 GMTJun 15, 2012 9:25 AM Jun 15, 2012 9:25 AM

GONZALES, Calif.- Power or pollution? That’s the big question when people talk about the future of garbage on the central coast. It’s called plasma gasification. An incinerator breaks down trash andMore >>

GONZALES, Calif.- Power or pollution? That’s the big question when people talk about the future of garbage on the central coast. It’s called plasma gasification. An incinerator breaks down trash andMore >>

CIA Instant Investigation: Eliminating Property Tax

Updated: Tuesday, June 12 2012 8:47 PM EDT2012-06-13 00:47:45 GMTJun 13, 2012 8:47 AM Jun 13, 2012 8:47 AM

How does never having to pay property taxes again sound? Right now, people in North Dakota are voting to do just that.More >>

How does never having to pay property taxes again sound? Right now, people in North Dakota are voting to do just that.More >>

CIA Instant Investigation: City Credit Card Use

Updated: Thursday, June 7 2012 9:19 PM EDT2012-06-08 01:19:17 GMTJun 08, 2012 9:19 AM Jun 08, 2012 9:19 AM

Demanding answers; workers in one central coast city claim the city is wasting tax dollars on food and hotels, while laying off employees. More >>

Demanding answers; workers in one central coast city claim the city is wasting tax dollars on food and hotels, while laying off employees. More >>

CIA Follow File: New Water Project Announced for Future of Peninsula

Updated: Monday, April 23 2012 9:46 PM EDT2012-04-24 01:46:16 GMTApr 24, 2012 9:46 AM Apr 24, 2012 9:46 AM

There is still a lot to be fleshed out with this plan Cal Am has proposed, not only does it have to be approved by the Ca Public Utilities Commission.More >>

There is still a lot to be fleshed out with this plan Cal Am has proposed, not only does it have to be approved by the Ca Public Utilities Commission.More >>

CIA Follow File: Cell Phones in Prison Shutdown

Updated: Monday, April 16 2012 9:36 PM EDT2012-04-17 01:36:01 GMTApr 17, 2012 9:36 AM Apr 17, 2012 9:36 AM

New information on the fight to keep cell phones out of state prisons. More >>

New information on the fight to keep cell phones out of state prisons. More >>

CIA: A Look at SVMH Suitors

Updated: Thursday, March 22 2012 4:10 PM EDT2012-03-22 20:10:22 GMTMar 23, 2012 4:10 AM Mar 23, 2012 4:10 AM

Salinas Valley Memorial Healthcare is one step closer to finding a partner to merge with. More >>

Salinas Valley Memorial Healthcare is one step closer to finding a partner to merge with. More >>

Alejo: Methyl Iodide Makers Withdrawing From California

Updated: Wednesday, March 21 2012 11:16 AM EDT2012-03-21 15:16:56 GMTMar 21, 2012 11:16 PM Mar 21, 2012 11:16 PM

Arysta LifeScience, the maker of methyl iodide, announced it would officially withdrawal methyl iodide from California and the United States, Assemblyman Luis Alejo said in a statement released Tuesday.More >>

More Arrests Thanks to Finger Print Technology

Updated: Friday, February 17 2012 9:16 PM EST2012-02-18 02:16:40 GMTFeb 18, 2012 10:16 AM Feb 18, 2012 10:16 AM

New numbers show new finger print technolgy is helping Santa Cruz police stay on top of crime, even after a prison realignment plan is sending more criminals on the streets. More >>

New numbers show new finger print technolgy is helping Santa Cruz police stay on top of crime, even after a prison realignment plan is sending more criminals on the streets. More >>

Farm Workers Want Ban On Methyl Iodide

Updated: Tuesday, February 14 2012 8:52 AM EST2012-02-14 13:52:44 GMTFeb 14, 2012 9:52 PM Feb 14, 2012 9:52 PM

SALINAS, Calif. – Dozens of farm workers will be asking the Monterey County Board of Supervisors this morning (Tuesda) to back a state-wide ban of methyl iodide. The workers want the board to pass a resolutionMore >>

CIA Follow File: CeaseFire Ceases to Exist?

Updated: Tuesday, January 31 2012 2:10 AM EST2012-01-31 07:10:38 GMTJan 31, 2012 3:10 PM Jan 31, 2012 3:10 PM

More >>

GONZALES, Calif.- Power or pollution? That’s the big question when people talk about the future of garbage on the central coast.

It’s called plasma gasification. An incinerator breaks down trash and turns it into usable energy.

The waste is heated and converted into gas. Once the conversion process is over.

The clean gas is sent to low-emission engines that make it into energy. California’s talking about building a gasification plant in Gonzales.

But opponents say plasma gasification incineration costs too much and worry about pollution.

Opponents say the governor isn’t listening to his own advisory board, and supporting a plasma gasification plan.

The Center for Investigative Action went to work to find out if that’s true.

“We saw like a wink and a nod, yeah we’ll get this through.”

That’s why Margaret Serna-Bonetti and others went to meet with Governor Jerry Brown’s senior aids earlier this week.

They’re part of the outspoken opposition to the plasma gasification project for the Gonzales landfill.

They say a letter from Jerry Brown’s office supports something environmentally unsafe.

“Outrage that the Governor would intervene in a process like this that is state mandated,” said Bonetti.

Last month the new director of the CA Department of Resources, Recycling, and Recovery sent a letter to Plasco, the company the Salinas Valley Solid Waste Authority hired to complete the “garbage into energy” facility.

The department told Plasco this proposed facility doesn’t meet the gasification requirements of renewable energy standards.

But in 2010, Governor Schwarzennegger’s adminstration told Plasco the project did meet the definition of a gasification facility.

With conflicting opinions, the Governor decided to weigh in.

“We feel that’s unfair to change the rules mid-way through, since the last administrator gave them the go ahead, but this is certainly not a carte blanche support for the project, it still has to go through all CEQUA evaluations,” said Elizabeth Ashford with the Governor’s office.

Opponents of the project said the Governor shouldn’t take sides especially since there is a complaint against the Solid Waste Authority for pushing this project forward, sitting on the attorney general’s desk.

Brown’s office said it’s not taking sides, “All were saying in this letter is acknowledge that you were given the go ahead in the past and so were going to be supportive of legislation to continue on a pilot basis but it’s important to meet all the standards and be highly scrutinized,” said Ashford.

The Salinas Valley Solid Waste Authority is conducting studies for the first draft of the environmental impact report and Plasco is conducting tests at its facility in Canada.

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Mickey
8 hours ago

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Other companies like Solena actually use the CO to create biofuels for ships (partnered with Maersk), aircraft (partnered with 15 international airlines including 9 in USA) and a plant in Gilmor which will also produce bio naptha . The emissions of the plant come from the steam used to generate electricity from the hydrogen gas fuel. Any sand or metal in the MSW feed mix are emitted from the bottom of the chamber as molten vitrified slag that can be used after crushing as road aggregate. The US Navy now uses plasma gasification on its carriers. The option of course is 100% recycling, which no country will ever achieve or landfill that creates methane which is 21 times more damaging to the planet than CO2. Then of course there is the toxic ash from mass burn incineration which constitutes almost 1/3 by weight of what was thermally converted.

Mickey
8 hours ago

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A technologically poorly written article. Plasma does not heat up or burn garbage, it gasifies it into plasma status at 4-8,000 deg C. How can you have particulates at the temperature of the surface of the sun ? Incineration needs air to be present indeed it increases air flow for mass-burn. Gasification takes place in the absence of air and is not incineration, it is conversion of matter into molecular form. The resultant Syngas is mainly hydrogen and CO which is scrubbed to leave the clean hydrogen as the source for generating steam to create electricity.

Carbon millions squandered

http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/opinion/political-news/carbon-millions-squandered-20120616-20h4x.html

une 17, 2012

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Up in smoke…

The Rudd government committed $400 million to set up the Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute. Three years on, there is precious little to show for the money.

THE Australian-funded $300 million Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute set up by former prime minister Kevin Rudd has squandered taxpayers’ money for negligible results, ex-staff say.

And according to a survey of the institute’s 190 members, which include businesses, governments and institutions from around the world, many were ”fed up with the lack of focus … and fast losing patience” with its work.

Undertaken in 2010, the survey, which has been obtained by The Sunday Age, found 31 per cent of all members believed the organisation was ”fast losing its relevance and must start to demonstrate greater value to members immediately”. Another 48 per cent said it had done a good job to set itself up but ”it’s important it now starts to achieve more”.

Description: Illustration: Matt Golding

Illustration: Matt Golding

The institute’s new chief executive, Brad Page, said it was now refocusing its approach, but conceded the original $100 million a year ”seed funding” given to the organisation – launched with great enthusiasm by Mr Rudd in 2009 to ”lead the world” in the greenhouse gas reduction technology – was too much for the fledgling body to manage efficiently.

”It’s actually impossible to spend that amount of money responsibly,” Mr Page told The Sunday Age.

Documents released under freedom-of-information laws show a staggering $54.25 million was spent on ”operational expenses” in the institute’s first two years.

Among those expenses were numerous first-class air fares for board members and lavish overseas trips for more than 15 of the institute’s Australia-based staff to attend meetings in France and Japan, where they stayed in five-star hotels and were catered for by top chefs.

But for all its high-powered meetings, former staff and industry observers say the Canberra-based institute has never had a clear focus, and this has led to millions of dollars being invested in overseas projects that have been of negligible benefit to Australia.

Mr Page is now trying to make the institute financially self-sufficient in readiness for when Australia’s generous ”seed funding” finally runs out in five years.

Since 2009, the institute has received more than $235 million – $122 million of which it has already spent and another $113 million of which remains in a bank account, beyond the reach of Treasury’s cost-cutting razor, according to information provided at a recent Senate estimates hearing.

The not-for-profit organisation has 78 staff, including nine permanent staff working overseas.

When it was established, a spokesman for Mr Rudd said the institute would not ”actually fund demonstration projects overseas” but instead would ”provide expertise … and research”.

Three years on, it is administering $65 million in contracts with institute partners. It has allocated $21 million to the Asian Development Bank, almost $20 million to the Paris-based International Energy Agency, and $10 million to the Clinton Foundation headed by former US president Bill Clinton, and given a grant to another body called the Climate Group, to ”advance” carbon capture and storage.

The Sunday Age believes there is deep concern about what Australia is actually achieving from these contracts.

Mr Page said the institute aimed to make sure each new project around the world did not repeat the mistakes of the last.

He said the money going to overseas projects built up the institute’s publicly available ”knowledge bank” about carbon capture and storage, but from now on the institute would commission specific research and would no longer fund projects on the ground.

Read more: http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/opinion/political-news/carbon-millions-squandered-20120616-20h4x.html#ixzz1y0CquRUk

‘Science fiction’ waste solution a real option

Plasma arc incineration is a forward-looking and realistic alternative to landfills, and won’t generate the toxic emissions associated with burning waste
Martin Williams
Jun 17, 2012

You’ve probably seen reports on plans for building a mega waste incinerator on an artificial island beside Shek Kwu Chau. Though rejected by a Legislative Council panel, the plans have not been abandoned. After four Hongkongers were this month given permission for a judicial review of the plans, the government responded that there is no alternative to building the incinerator at Shek Kwu Chau.

Is this true? Can Hong Kong find no better way of dealing with waste than shipping it to a beautiful coastal area and setting fire to it? There’s actually a range of alternatives, ranging from straightforward to one that seems verging on science fiction.

At first, I believed reports that the planned incinerator technology is so advanced that the emissions would be wonderfully clean. After all, Hong Kong used to have four waste incinerators, but closed them all down by 1997 because of concerns over air pollution – and the government would not be so crazy as to plan a similarly dangerous facility today. Or would it?

Information on incinerators reveals that even the best of them emit significant quantities of particulate, which were a key concern with the past incinerators, and have been shown to have more adverse health impacts than earlier realised. Improved techniques might reduce dioxins, yet incinerators produce an array of toxic molecules, along with mercury and cadmium. And chemicals not emitted to the air are trapped in chimney ash so toxic it can qualify as hazardous waste.

So incineration looks unwise, even irresponsible. But doing nothing is not an option. We’re among the world’s most throwaway societies, with landfills soon to reach capacity.

This profligacy means there is immense scope for reduction, reuse and recycling. Though the government claims a high, 52 per cent recycling rate, this figure is well below the 70 per cent rate achieved in Germany, and we set our sights low compared to San Francisco, which aims for zero waste to landfills by 2020. Currently, Hong Kong’s recycling efforts are prone to being so passive as to verge on being useless.

Even with massive boosts to recycling, we will need to treat remaining waste. One technique involves using bacteria to process food waste, and produces biogas that can be burned to generate electricity, together with material suitable for use as compost. But though widely adopted by some cities, such as Toronto, it may be best suited to small-scale applications.

What, then, of the “science fiction” technique? This seems far-fetched when you first hear of it, as it involves treating waste using plasma – the fourth state of matter – that can be hotter than the surface of the sun. Its time, however, may have come. Scientific American magazine included it among 20 “world-changing ideas” for making our planet cleaner, healthier and smarter.

Plasmas are so energised that they abound with charged particles. They make up stars, and occur in lightning. Plasmas have also been harnessed for an array of uses by forming them in arcs between electrodes – and it’s these plasma arcs that are now being deployed for transforming waste.

Though plasma arc torches originated in the late 19th century, their main development stems from the 1960s, when Nasa deployed them for generating the extreme temperatures needed to test heat shields for re-entry vehicles. Their applications include destroying medical waste, recovering metals from electronic waste, rendering asbestos harmless – and treating municipal waste.

Plasma waste treatment differs from incineration in several important ways. Notably, incineration means burning: oxygen reacts with organic chemicals to form smaller molecules that might themselves react together, leading to hundreds of compounds being found in incinerator emissions. Incinerator ash, particularly the fly ash from chimney stacks, contains the dangerous chemicals that are not emitted.

Plasma processes are much hotter, perhaps well over 4,000 degrees Celsius. These temperatures, coupled with intense ultraviolet light, blast molecules apart; organic chemicals disintegrate to simple components. The resulting gas mixture called syngas (synthetic gas), is mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Other material forms something like lava, which can be solidified into glass-like material with metals and other toxins so effectively “locked” within that Japanese incinerators treat fly ash with plasma arc torches.

The syngas can be burned to generate electricity, rather as incinerators may be used for “waste-to-energy”. But in another marked contrast to incineration, the syngas has other possible uses. One company, Solena Fuels, is working with airlines and a shipping company to develop projects that transform syngas into jet fuel and ship fuel from waste. Advanced Plasma Power, which specialises in plasma arc treatment of municipal waste, is exploring ways to synthesise natural gas.

Here in Hong Kong, the Environmental Protection Department has fielded an array of objections to plasma arc treatment. One objection is correct: there are no large-scale plasma arc waste treatment facilities in operation. However, several projects are being planned or built worldwide, and set to become operational well before Hong Kong could complete its outdated incinerator.

Contrary to an EPD assertion, there are plasma arc companies willing to work on treating Hong Kong waste. Solena Fuels has suggested building waste-to-jet-fuel facilities at landfill sites. Advanced Plasma Power has formed a consortium prepared to financially guarantee a large-scale facility, and first build a pilot plant – just as they hope to build a pilot project for New York. The city closed its last waste incinerator in 1999. It, too, has a serious waste problem, but instead of looking backwards for solutions, it is seeking proposals for waste-to-energy projects that exclude mass burn incineration.

Under retiring chief executive Donald Tsang Yam-kuen and his environment chief, Edward Yau Tang-wah, Hong Kong has been fixated on a return to incineration. With the Legislative Council giving the thumbs-down to the Shek Kwu Chau plans, and the advent of a new leadership team, perhaps we can instead look to the future, and to ideas for building a cleaner, healthier and smarter Hong Kong.

Martin Williams is a Hong Kong-based writer specialising in conservation and the environment, with a PhD in physical chemistry from Cambridge University

Description: Artist's impression of the plant on Shek Kwu Chau.