Clear The Air News Blog Rotating Header Image

Incineration – Solid Waste Disposal

Rubbish bomb about to blast

Environmental minister Wong Kam- sing is encountering his biggest crisis since joining the government.

Mary Ma

Tuesday, July 09, 2013

Environmental minister Wong Kam- sing is encountering his biggest crisis since joining the government.

The fiasco over the landfills is escalating to his disadvantage. If there is a valid imagery, it’d be a rubbish bomb of his own making.

Worse still, it is a ticking time bomb. Will it blow up in his face at the Legislative Council Finance Committee meeting on Friday?

At the meeting, lawmakers will vote on HK$35 million funding for a study to expand the Tuen Mun landfill.

Then there’s a separate HK$7 billion application to upgrade the Ta Kwu Ling landfill, with the other proposal – expansion of the Tseung Kwan O landfill – being shelved for the time being.

It was hard to imagine a week ago that legislators would block the funding request for the Tuen Mun landfill study.

But the situation changed after rural king Lau Wong-fat took the lead to beat the war drum over the Tuen Mun facilities sitting in his territory.

A week is a long time in politics. For since the public works subcommittee met to endorse the two landfill funding requests, lawmakers who committed to supporting them are now saying they too have to reconsider because of the changing attitude among the locals.

In hindsight, Wong may have committed a serious faux pas the moment he removed the Tseung Kwan O landfill expansion from the agenda.

The political arena is filled with scavengers preying on the dead or wounded. In withdrawing the Tseung Kwan O plan, Wong has exposed his weakness to political enemies.

Who wouldn’t pounce on him in quest of votes? If a Sai Kung District Council member could use a hunger strike to force him to suspend the Tseung Kwan O project, so could others – resulting in a domino effect.

Prospects for the Tuen Mun landfill is no longer promising after Lau’s high- profile defiance. If there had been a narrow opening for Wong to ram through the items, the golden window of opportunity may have closed.

Perhaps Wong and his undersecretary, Christine Loh Kung- wai, only have themselves to blame for the quagmire they’re caught in.

What’s even worse is that, in withdrawing the Tseung Kwan O proposal, the government seems to be justifying the “not in my backyard” mindset.

As it’s doubtful that Wong has any cards up his sleeve left to win the Finance Committee vote, his major supporter, the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong, stands to become the biggest loser in the political fallout over the landfills.

If Wong insists a vote be taken on the Tuen Mun funding – knowing it faces almost certain rejection – he may be making a sacrificial lamb out of the DAB, the government’s best ally.

However, if he takes the Tuen Mun landfill off the agenda, as urged by Executive Council member Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee, the government’s waste treatment strategy would collapse.

If this happened in a Western democracy, the minister responsible would come under intense pressure to resign.

Wong is the author of his own misfortune. He’d better pray that the locals in Ta Kwu Ling don’t follow Tuen Mun’s lead.

Lau Wong-fat vows to block second landfill extension, in Tuen Mun

Published on South China Morning Post (http://www.scmp.com)

Home > Lau Wong-fat vows to block second landfill extension, in Tuen Mun



Lau Wong-fat vows to block second landfill extension, in Tuen Mun

Monday, 08 July, 2013, 3:23pm

NewsHong Kong

ENVIRONMENT

Stuart Lau, Cheung Chi-fai and Emily Tsang

Environment officials struggling to find space for the city’s rubbish may have to shelve another landfill extension plan after pro-government lawmakers joined pan-democrats in opposing it.

https://www.scmp.com/sites/default/files/styles/486w/public/2013/07/09/nagsjkldgsdfgsdfg74.gif?itok=E7ke-PuLNew Territories leader and lawmaker Lau Wong-fat said yesterday he would do all he could to block the extension of the Tuen Mun tip, by far the bigger of two plans remaining since the government withdrew a proposal for the Tseung Kwan O dump.

Two lawmakers who are also executive councillors urged the government to consider withdrawing its HK$35 million request for a feasibility study of the Tuen Mun plan, while the Liberal Party said it was considering withdrawing its support.

“I will exhaust all means to block the funding request,” Lau said, calling on Secretary for the Environment Wong Kam-sing to withdraw it from the Finance Committee agenda on Friday.

He claimed he had secured support from lawmakers in the loose Business and Professionals Alliance.

Lau is a big landowner, with plots in Lung Kwu Tan village next to the Tuen Mun landfill.

Executive councillor and legislator Jeffrey Lam Kin-fung, who belongs to the seven-member Alliance, advised the government to postpone the item. “Let’s wait a few more days,” he said.

Fellow Exco member Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee, of the New People’s Party, also said the government should consider withdrawing the plan.

But the Environment Bureau said last night it would be tabled as scheduled.

At least 32 of 70 lawmakers on the committee, including the pan-democrats and Federation of Trade Unions, have pledged to oppose the plan.

James Tien Pei-chun, of the Liberal Party, also said the party would “reassess” its support due to the widespread opposition.

If the plan is rejected, Wong will have lost two of the three extensions deemed necessary to keep the city running. The three landfills, now the only destination for waste, will fill up one by one from 2015.

Wong’s earlier shelving of the Tseung Kwan O plan ignited even stronger opposition from Tuen Mun residents, with only the HK$7 billion Ta Kwu Ling extension plan meeting less opposition.

Whether the proposals will be put to a vote will depend on when a filibuster threatened by “Long Hair” Leung Kwok-hung ends.

Lau blasted Wong for failing to properly consult the local community.

He said he was disappointed about a letter in which Wong said the administration had co-operated with the district council through a liaison group.

The liaison group was set up in 2007 to follow up district improvements after the local council gave its conditional support for a sludge incinerator to be built in Tuen Mun.

“This is not the case,” Lau said, speaking after a meeting with fellow district councillors. “This should not be mixed up with [the landfill issue].”

Yesterday’s meeting was snubbed by councillors from the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong, which has pledged support for the extension.

The district council has objected to the landfill extension on the grounds Tuen Mun has a disproportionate share of dirty facilities such as power plants and fuel depots.

Wong Wai-yim, of the Ta Kwu Ling rural committee, said while he opposed the landfill plan, he was equally concerned about the waste crisis facing the city.



Links:
[1] http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1278294/delays-landfill-extension-recycling-efforts-waste-crucial
[2] http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1276330/lawmakers-prepare-trash-timetable-landfill-expansion-plan
[3] http://www.scmp.com/article/684018/sympathy-shown-tuen-mun-residents

Indicative moisture content of Hong Kong food waste

download PDF : Indicative moisture content of Hong Kong food waste

Download : msw2011(1)

MOD $ INCREASES

26 March 2012

http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/news_events/legco/files/EA_Panel_20120326a_eng.pdf

ENB seeks Members’ support for our proposals to –

5177DR: Integrated Waste Management Facilities (IWMF) Phase 1

5163DR: Northeast New Territories (NENT) landfill extension

5164DR: Southeast New Territories (SENT) landfill extension

5165DR: West New Territories (WENT) landfill extension

(i) IWMF upgrade 5177DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $14,960.1 million in money-of-the-day (MOD) prices

(or $11,383.0 million in September 2011 prices);

(ii) NENT Upgrade 5163DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $6,631.7 million in MOD prices (or $3,969.8 million

in September 2011 prices);

(iii) SENT upgrade 5164DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $1,759.4 million in MOD prices (or $1,254.3 million

in September 2011 prices); and

(iv) WENT upgrade part of 5165DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $33.4 million in MOD prices (or $26.1 million

in September 2011 prices).
TOTAL 23,384.6 MILLION
) (NOTE SEE 4.3.2.2 BELOW = $9 billion)

27 MAY 2013 (14 MONTHS LATER)

http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr12-13/english/panels/ea/papers/ea0527cb1-1079-1-e.pdf

(i) 5163DR: Northeast New Territories (NENT) landfill extension

(ii) 5164DR: Southeast New Territories (SENT) landfill extension

(iii) 5165DR: West New Territories (WENT) landfill extension

This paper seeks Members’ support for our proposal to –

(a) upgrade 5163DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $7,026.9 million in money-of-the-day (MOD) prices; (INCREASE 395.2M) +5.96%

(b) upgrade 5164DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $1,886.4 million in MOD prices; (INCREASE 127M) +7.22%

(c) upgrade part of 5165DR to Category A at an estimated cost of $35.1 million in MOD prices. (INCREASE 1.7M) +5.1%

http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr12-13/english/panels/ea/papers/ea0527cb1-1079-2-e.pdf

13. Details of the funding proposals for the three landfill extension projects are set out in LC Paper No. CB(1)1369/11-12(01) which is hyperlinked in the

Appendix. According to the Government, IWMF would require some seven years for reclamation, construction and commission, while landfill extension

would need a few years for site preparation works. In this connection, the IWMF Phase I project and the landfill extension projects should be pursued as a

package to ensure that Hong Kong could maintain environmental hygiene and handle waste properly and timely. Deliberations by the Panel on the funding

proposals for landfill extension are summarized in the ensuing paragraphs.

15. The Panel held another special meeting on 20 April 2012 to continue discussion on the funding proposals. Noting that many measures pertaining to

the Policy Framework had yet to be implemented, members were opposed to the reliance on landfills for waste disposal in view of the associated environmental

nuisances, as well as the long lead time and cost incurred from restoration of landfills. They stressed the need for a holistic package of waste management

measures (including waste reduction, separation and recycling) with waste incineration as a last resort and better communication between the two terms of

Government on environmental policies, in particular on the need for incineration. They also urged the Administration to identify other suitable

outlying islands for IWMF and promote the local recycling industry. In view of the foregoing, members did not support the submission of the funding proposals

to the Public Works Subcommittee for consideration.

26 March 2012

http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/news_events/legco/files/EA_Panel_20120326a_eng.pdf

4.1.1.2.3 The technology review in 2009 also looked into other thermal technologies such as plasma gasification, and concluded these other

alternatives were not suitable for the first IWMF in Hong Kong because of their various drawbacks, such as their limited track record for large scale

MSW treatment and the limited number of suppliers. In relation to plasma gasification, which some are advocating for the project, our

research shows that as at present, the technology is primarily used for small scale treatment of industrial wastes and hazardous wastes, but it is

not suitable for treating MSW, which contain wastes of varying size and qualities. The application of plasma gasification to MSW is uncommon

and is only limited to relatively small scale application or pilot trials. (CTA: THIS MOST DEFINITELY IS NO LONGER THE CASE)

4.3.2 Financial Implications

4.3.2.1 We estimate that the cost of the proposed consultancy study is about $35.1 million in MOD prices. The proposed consultancy study

will not give rise to any recurrent consequence. We estimate that the proposed works under this part-upgrading of 5165DR (WENT) will create about 12

jobs (2 for labourers and another 10 for professional/technical staff) providing a total employment of 290 man-months.

4.3.2.2 For the remaining part of the project to be full-upgraded in the future, which would involve the award of a design-build-operate contract,

we estimate that the cost is over $9,000 million in September 2012 prices. More updated cost estimate will be provided when we conduct the full-upgrading

exercise in the next stage.

foodwasteconversion 48% of HK MSW in 2011 was putrescibles 42.3% food waste / 1.4% yard waste and the remainder nappies and cotton

SINGAPORE Anaerobic Digestate (AD)

Food waste conversion options in Singapore: Environmental impacts based on an LCA perspective

Hsien H. Khoo a,, Teik Z. Lim b, Reginald B.H. Tan b

a Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore

b National University of Singapore, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore

http://www.foodwasterepublic.com/01foodwasteconversion.pdf

Conclusions:

Significant reduction of global warming impacts can be realized by implementing the food waste AD recycling process. This was achieved by both reduced energy requirements for the process itself and CO2 savings from the compost produced from the digestate material.

Aerobic composting showed environmentally favorable results compared with the mass incineration of food waste. However, aerobic composting is less preferred compared to AD due mainly to CO2 and NH3 emissions, as well as, low amount of bio-compost produced.

– It was suggested, however, that further investigations is needed to test the value of N and P nutrients of the compost products from both methods. Additional studies are also required to examine aerobic composting on local foodwaste samples to test its potential to obtain higher output.

Energy generation from the food waste AD recycling process was projected to be an impressive 78% for Recycling Phase I and 82% for Recycling Phase II, assuming that both recycling phases are operating at full capacity.

The AD’s Recycling Phase II operating at full capacity alone will allow Singapore Green Plan’s 2012 aim to increase the recycling of food waste to 30% to be achieved; combined Phase I and II increases the recycling rate to about 47%; further increase in recycling rate is possible with a proposed aerobic composting plant.

– Small-scale composting can be recommended as a way to divert food waste away from incinerators, however, a more sustainable solution will be to expand the operating capacity of the AD recycling facility

Download PDF : 01foodwasteconversion

Incinerator_Myths_vs_Facts%20Feb2012

Download : Incinerator_Myths_vs_Facts%20Feb2012

Pops- PCBs- PAH – Dioxins incinerator emissions etc

Evaluation of the Association between Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Diabetes in Epidemiological Studies: A National Toxicology Program Workshop Review

Kyla W. Taylor, Raymond F. Novak, Henry A. Anderson, Linda S. Birnbaum, Chad Blystone, Michael DeVito, David Jacobs, Josef Köhrle, Duk-Hee Lee, Lars Rylander, Anna Rignell-Hydbom, Rogelio Tornero-Velez, Mary E. Turyk, Abee L. Boyles, Kristina A. Thayer, and Lars Lind



Research 1 July 2013

Comparison of Intake and Systemic Relative Effect Potencies of Dioxin-like Compounds in Female Mice after a Single Oral Dose

Karin I. van Ede, Patrik L. Andersson, Konrad P.J. Gaisch, Martin van den Berg, and Majorie B.M. van Duursen



Children’s Health 1 July 2013

Blood Lead Levels and Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Concentrations in Peripubertal Boys

Abby F. Fleisch, Jane S. Burns, Paige L. Williams, Mary M. Lee, Oleg Sergeyev, Susan A. Korrick, and Russ Hauser



A laboratory mouse running on a wheel.

News, Science Selections 31 May 2013

Running Interference? Exercise and PCB-Induced Changes in the Gut Microbiome



Research 31 May 2013

Sulfated Metabolites of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Are High-Affinity Ligands for the Thyroid Hormone Transport Protein Transthyretin



Research 31 May 2013

Cancer Incidence in World Trade Center Rescue and Recovery Workers, 2001–2008



Research 31 May 2013

Exercise Attenuates PCB-Induced Changes in the Mouse Gut Microbiome



Advance Publication 14 May 2013

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Obesity in Relation to Serum Dioxin Concentrations: The Seveso Women’s Health Study



Advance Publication 10 May 2013



Editorial 1 April 2013

The Impact of Endocrine Disruption: A Consensus Statement on the State of the Science



Review 1 April 2013

Environmental and Occupational Interventions for Primary Prevention of Cancer: A Cross-Sectorial Policy Framework



Research 1 April 2013

Biotransformation of BDE-47 to Potentially Toxic Metabolites Is Predominantly Mediated by Human CYP2B6



Research 1 April 2013

Associations of in Utero Exposure to Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids with Human Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormones in Adult Men



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Atherosclerosis Predictor? Circulating Levels of POPs Linked to Arterial Effects



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Environmental Chemicals: Evaluating Low-Dose Effects



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Shifting Mountains of Electronic Waste



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Another Piece of the Obesity–Environment Puzzle: Potential Link between Inflammation and POP-Associated Metabolic Diseases



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Persistent Lipophilic Environmental Chemicals and Endometriosis: The ENDO Study



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Which Fish Should I Eat? Perspectives Influencing Fish Consumption Choices



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Role of Environmental Chemicals in Diabetes and Obesity: A National Toxicology Program Workshop Review



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Current Status of the Epidemiologic Evidence Linking Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, and the Role of Immune Dysregulation



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Importance of Meta-analyses for Evaluating Carcinogens



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Serum PBDEs in a North Carolina Toddler Cohort: Associations with Handwipes, House Dust, and Socioeconomic Variables



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

PCB-95 Modulates the Calcium-Dependent Signaling Pathway Responsible for Activity-Dependent Dendritic Growth



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Neuropsychological Measures of Attention and Impulse Control among 8-Year-Old Children Exposed Prenatally to Organochlorines



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

The Greening of Pesticide–Environment Interactions: Some Personal Observations



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Prioritization of Biomarker Targets in Human Umbilical Cord Blood: Identification of Proteins in Infant Blood Serving as Validated Biomarkers in Adults



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Do Interactions Between Gut Ecology and Environmental Chemicals Contribute to Obesity and Diabetes?



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Pre- and Postnatal Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations and Longitudinal Measures of Thymus Volume in Infants



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Understanding Differences in the Body Burden–Age Relationships of Bioaccumulating Contaminants Based on Population Cross Sections versus Individuals



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Exposure and Diabetes: Results from the Anniston Community Health Survey



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Inflammatory Pathway Genes Belong to Major Targets of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Adipose Cells

Pops Particulates Incinerators Dioxins

Evaluation of the Association between Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Diabetes in Epidemiological Studies: A National Toxicology Program Workshop Review

Kyla W. Taylor, Raymond F. Novak, Henry A. Anderson, Linda S. Birnbaum, Chad Blystone, Michael DeVito, David Jacobs, Josef Köhrle, Duk-Hee Lee, Lars Rylander, Anna Rignell-Hydbom, Rogelio Tornero-Velez, Mary E. Turyk, Abee L. Boyles, Kristina A. Thayer, and Lars Lind



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Current Status of the Epidemiologic Evidence Linking Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, and the Role of Immune Dysregulation



Uncategorized, Volume 120 20 March 2013

Environmental Lead after Hurricane Katrina: Implications for Future Populations



Uncategorized, Volume 119 20 March 2013

The Beat



Uncategorized, Volume 119 20 March 2013

Epigenetics of Formaldehyde: Altered microRNAs May Be Key to Adverse Effects



Uncategorized, Volume 119 20 March 2013

Dioxin Emissions and Human Exposure in China: A Brief History of Policy and Research



Uncategorized, Volume 119 20 March 2013

Dioxin Exposure and Age of Pubertal Onset among Russian Boys



Uncategorized, Volume 119 20 March 2013

Altered Heart Rate Variability in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Is Associated with Specific Particulate Matter Components in Detroit, Michigan



Uncategorized, Volume 119 20 March 2013

Time-Series Analysis of Mortality Effects of Fine Particulate Matter Components in Detroit and Seattle

Epigenetic Changes Induced by Air Toxics: Formaldehyde Exposure Alters miRNA Expression Profiles in Human Lung Cells



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Transformation of Silver Nanoparticles in Sewage Sludge



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Drugs in the Environment: Do Pharmaceutical Take-Back Programs Make a Difference?



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Adverse Effects of Methylmercury: Environmental Health Research Implications



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Qualitative Environmental Health Research: An Analysis of the Literature, 1991–2008



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Phosphorylation of p65 Is Required for Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle–Induced Interleukin 8 Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Low-Level Mercury Can Enhance Procoagulant Activity of Erythrocytes: A New Contributing Factor for Mercury-Related Thrombotic Disease



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Dioxin-Induced Changes in Epididymal Sperm Count and Spermatogenesis



Uncategorized, Volume 118 20 March 2013

Sources of Mercury Exposure for U.S. Seafood Consumers: Implications for Policy



Forum, News 1 March 2013

New Primary Standard Set for Fine Particulate Matter

Update outmoded waste treatment

scmp_13mar13_yp_yp1_nora5054a_34603349.jpg

Elvis Au Wai-kwong, deputy director of the Environmental Protection Department. Photo: Nora Tam

South China Morning Post

Published on South China Morning Post (http://www.scmp.com)

Home > Update outmoded waste treatment



Update outmoded waste treatment

Friday, 05 July, 2013, 12:00am

CommentLetters

In his letter (“Questioning official figure on solid waste [1]“, July 1), Mark Parlett queries the government’s figure of 48 per cent for Hong Kong’s recycling rate. The figure indeed seems high: based on other government data, it suggests that the vast majority of domestic refuse dumped in landfills is food waste.

Do we really dispose of so little that can be recycled; are the truckloads dumped in landfills so different in composition to the contents of waste bins I see?

Sadly, this is by no means the only questionable figure or assertion regarding waste in Hong Kong. For instance, Elvis Au, deputy director of the Environmental Protection Department, has said that incineration planned for Hong Kong will completely destroy organic pollutants. By contrast, all information I have seen on incinerators shows that they produce a cocktail of dangerous gases along with particulates, together with substantial amounts of highly toxic ash.

In his letter (“No trucks needed to deliver waste [2]“, June 26), Mr Au asserted that an incinerator will not cause any unacceptable environmental impacts.

Yet recent, peer-reviewed studies from countries including Spain, Belgium and Japan have linked living in proximity to incinerators to health issues such as cancer and birth defects. Rats exposed to air contaminated with incinerator ash have suffered problems including DNA damage.

What levels of such threats will areas near and downwind of an incinerator – including Macau – face? The risks will not be zero; but Mr Au does not tell us what they are, or just who will find them “acceptable”.

We have often been told that an incinerator will meet European Union standards, but this cannot be proven until an incinerator starts operating. There have been no pilot studies with Hong Kong waste – the last time Hong Kong had waste incinerators, they were decommissioned as the Environmental Protection Department considered their emissions dangerously unacceptable.

Most questionable of all is the government’s adherence to a strategy of spending tens of billions of dollars on landfills and incineration, and puny sums on other aspects of waste management.

There are wiser, more modern alternatives, which can help protect our environment.

They include extensively treating food waste, plasma arc treatment that can even create jet fuel, and a zero waste to landfills or incineration strategy, with the can-do approach of cities like San Francisco replacing the current can’t-do attitude of our government.

Martin Williams, director, Hong Kong Outdoors



Heading down a cul de sac – HKG’s flawed blueprint

Hong Kong has an overall population of 7.1 million

ENB claims :

‘ Large ‘waste load’

‘We have a large ‘waste load’. Over the years, Hong Kong people have become more, not less, wasteful. In the past 30 years, our MSW

increased by nearly 80% while our population grew by 36% and our Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased two fold. Tellingly, the daily

per capita MSW rate rose from 0.97 kg to 1.27kg, so not only were there more of us throwing away waste, but we were each throwing away 30%

more.’

However where was the ENB’s consideration of what our tourism industry is doing to increase those waste figures ?

http://www.tourism.gov.hk/english/statistics/statistics_perform.html

‘Tourism Performance in 2012 In 2012, Hong Kong received a record-high of 48.6 million visitors from around the world, a remarkable increase of 16.0% over 2011. In 2012, Mainland China continued to be our largest visitor source market with 34.9 million arrivals (+24.2%), accounting for 71.8% of our total arrivals. Amongst all Mainland arrivals, 19.8 million (56.7%) were same-day visitors, up by 36.6% year-on-year. 23.1 million (66.3%) Mainland visitors came to Hong Kong under the Individual Visit Scheme (IVS), up by 26.2% over 2011’

‘Average length of stay of overnight visitors 3.5 nights’ (23,770,195 arrivals were overnight visitors hence inflating the actual total number of visitors in Hong Kong by 23,770,195 x 2.5= 59,425,487 additional visitor nights above the 48.6m arrivals)

Food waste is 44% 0f daily waste (MSW) (whereas over 20,000 tpd of construction waste is generated.)

With so much local and tourism generated food waste, why do we not have a massive bio digester instead ? sell the compost to China

http://www.enb.gov.hk/en/files/WastePlan-E.pdf